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Mail Server#MTA (mail transfer agent)
| Commands | Explanation |
|---|---|
| service postfix status /etc/init.d/postfix status | |
| update-alternatives --config mta | |
| postalias /etc/postfix/aliases |
| Commands | Explanation |
|---|---|
| postfix check | check postfix's configuration |
| postconf | list all configuration |
| postconf -n | Display only parameters different from default |
| postconf -d | list default configuraiton |
| Commands | Explanation |
|---|---|
| mailq |grep -i requests postqueue -p |tail -n 1 | Queue Numbers |
| mailq postqueue -p | List Queue Produce a traditional sendmail-style queue listing. |
| postqueue -f | Flush the queue: attempt to deliver all queued mail. |
| postcat -q QueueID | show Postfix queue file contents |
| postsuper -d QueueID | Delete one message with the named queue ID from the named mail queue(s) |
| postsuper -d ALL | “-d All” to remove all messages |
$ postqueue -p |awk {'print $1'} | egrep -v "connect|@|-|^$" > tmp.txt
$ for i in `cat tmp.txt` ; do postcat -q $i |grep ^Subject ; done
$ for i in `cat queue.txt` ; do postcat -q $i ; done
$ postqueue -p |awk {'print $1'} | egrep -v "connect|@|-|^$" > tmp.txt
## mail header and body
$ for i in `cat queue.txt` ; do postcat -q $i | nkf -m ; done
or
$ for i in `cat queue.txt` ; do postcat -q $i | iconv -f ISO-2022-JP -t UTF-8 ; done
## Subject
$ for i in `cat queue.txt` ; do postcat -q $i |grep ISO-2022-JP | grep -v Content-Type |nkf -w ; done
/etc/postfix/main.cf
grep -Ev "^#|^$" /etc/postfix/main.cf
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
command_directory = /usr/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
mail_owner = postfix
inet_interfaces = localhost
inet_protocols = all
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
debug_peer_level = 2
debugger_command =
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix
setgid_group = postdrop
html_directory = no
manpage_directory = /usr/share/man
sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.10.1/samples
readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.10.1/README_FILES
| myhostname | This is written in mail header. | myhostname = host1.example.com |
| mydomain | This is for a preparation for myorigin. | mydomain = example.com |
| myorigin | This is Mail From's @mydomain. | myorigin = $mydomain |
| mynetworks | mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8, 192.168.100.0/24, 192.168.101/24 | |
| inet_interfaces | inet_interfaces = all inet_interfaces = localhost inet_interfaces = $myhostname, localhost |
|
| relayhost | relayhost = [192.168.0.100] relayhost = [smtp.example.com] relayhost = [smtp.gmail.com]:587 |
|
| allow_min_user | Deliver mail starting with '-' | allow_min_user = yes |
| smtp_host_lookup | Use /etc/hosts for test environment. | smtp_host_lookup = native |
Default Configuration
queue_run_delay = 100s minimal_backoff_time = 300s maximal_backoff_time = 4000s maximal_queue_lifetime = 5d bounce_queue_lifetime = 5d
300s after 5m 600s after 10m 300s x 2 1200s after 20m 300s x 4 2400s after 40m 300s x 8 4000s after 1h 6m 40s 300s x 16 = 4800 8000s after 2h 13m 20s 4000s + 4000s = 8000 12000s after 3h 20m 00s 8000s + 4000s = 12000 16000s after 4h 26m 40s 12000s + 4000s = 16000 20000s after 5h 33m 20s 24000s after 6h 40m 00s
| mydestination | mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain | |
| home_mailbox | home_mailbox = Maildir/ | |
| mailbox_size_limit | mailbox_size_limit = 102400000 #100M : 102,400,000 | |
| message_size_limit | message_size_limit = 10240000 #10M : 10,240,000 |
mkdir -p /etc/skel/Maildir/new mkdir -p /etc/skel/Maildir/cur mkdir -p /etc/skel/Maildir/tmp chown -R 700 /etc/skel/Maildir/
useradd testuser passwd testuser ls -al /home/testuser
| disable_vrfy_command | disable_vrfy_command = yes #disable | |
| smtpd_banner | diable postfix version you can check with 'telnet x.x.x.x 25'. | smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP unknown smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name #$mail_name is postfix |
anvil_rate_time_unit = 60s smtpd_client_message_rate_limit = 100
anvil_rate_time_unit = 60s smtpd_client_recipient_rate_limit = 200
/var/log/maillog
| Status | Explanation |
|---|---|
| status=sent | |
| status=bounce | |
| status=deferred |